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Bible Codex Amiatinus
Codex Amiatinus ( AD 688 - 713 ) is a
Bible which was produced by monks at the twin monastery of
Wearmouth-Jarrow. Abbot Ceolfrith, of Wearmouth-Jarrow, set off on
a journey to Rome with the Bible as a gift to Pope Gregory II.
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The Codex Amiatinus was one of three great single-volume Bibles made at
Wearmouth-Jarrow.
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Ceolfrith’s died on the journey to Rome in 716 at Langres monastery in
France and his followers took the Codex Amiatinus on to Rome and
presented it to the Pope. It is the only one of the three volumes
to survive, although there a few loose pages of the second copy.
It is the oldest one-volume Latin Bible to survive in the world.
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detail Ezra is shown writing a manuscript on his lap, seated before an open
book cupboard containing a Bible in nine volumes. The illumination is
among the oldest images in the Western world to show a bookcase and the
bindings of books.
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Above you looking at two sides of the same page. Notice
how the ink has bleed through. It shows the end of the Old
Testament, 2 Maccabees, and the beginning of the New Testament with
Jesus Christ sitting on His throne.
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The above page shows the end of the Book of Tobit (Thobiae) and the
beginning of the Book of Judith (Iudith).
(There is no letter J in the Latin alphabet. Originally,
I and J were different shapes for the same letter. The letter J was
added much later to the Romance Languages, in AD 1524 in Italian.
Notice how the I and the J are drawn similarly in small cursive.
i
j
. Only these two letter have a dot on top.)
Patron
Ceolfrid, of Wearmouth, Saint, AD 642-716
Recipient
Gregory II, Pope, died 731
Date Created
Around AD 688 - 713
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Click above for detail The bible is
written not on paper but on vellum, which is made from the stretched and
processed hides of cows and sheep. This is durable and hard-wearing but
also much bulkier than paper, meaning that the leather bound bible is
both
half a meter tall, over a foot thick and weighs 74 pounds, or 34 kg.
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"It is an incredible thing. It has over 1000 leaves [of vellum],
requiring the skins of more than 1000 animals in it. The spine of the
book is almost 15 centimeters thick," Breay said. "It is one of the
greatest treasures to survive from Anglo-Saxon times but probably one of
the least known."
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The end of the Book of Wisdom of Solomon is pictured above.
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See below for detail |
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Click above for more detail A list of the Books in the Bible.
Notice the four Gospels listed in the third
column. Matthew (Matheu), Mark (Marcu), Luke (Luca), and John (Joh.)
Secundum is Latin and is defined as “according to.”
See Bible Codex Amiatinus
Page 2 |
Notice above how the Book Ecclesiasticus or called Sirach
above is grouped in the middle of wisdom or
Prophets section of the Bible. See second column above. The
Deuterocanonical (or so called Apocryphal) Books are not grouped into a
separate section by themselves as was done in the King James Bible.
See
King
James Bible.
See
Catholic German language Bible before Luther
It also has the Deuterocanonical (or so called Apocryphal) Books not
grouped together, but rather placed in the appropriate category of
Wisdom, Prophets, or Historical sections to which they belong. |
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The sixth century was witness to the
activity of a uniquely saintly man who renounced his worldly
life to become a hermit. His reputation for holiness
attracted many followers, and soon thereafter Benedict of
Nursia founded a monastery at Monte Cassino. Benedict’s
vision for his monks was rooted in the idea that monasticism
was a “school of divine service” in which the monk committed
himself to a life of obedience focused on a routine of work,
prayer, study, and self-denial. Benedict’s monks preserved
and maintained Western civilization through their
painstaking work of copying ancient Greek and Roman
manuscripts, as well as devoting time to copying and
illustrating Scripture.
Working in the scriptoriums of Benedictine monasteries in
the Middle Ages was not easy. It took nearly a year to copy
a Bible manuscript. The process was laborious and wearisome;
as one monk recorded, “He who does not know how to write
imagines it to be no labor; but though three fingers only
hold the pen, the whole body goes weary.” Any copying work
the monk did not finish during the day had to be completed
at night, even in the cold winter months.
Bibles were not only copied but richly and beautifully
illuminated with elaborate images. Bible illumination began
in the fifth century with Irish monks ... The famous
Lindisfarne Gospels
...
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