The Case for a Divine Law Giver :
from
Robert J. Spitzer, S.J. Ph.D' web site
The high improbability of five other anthropic conditions (based on
cosmological constants)
A cosmological constant is a number which controls the equations of
physics, and the equations of physics, in turn, describe the laws of
nature. Therefore, these numbers control the laws of nature (and whether
these laws of nature will be hospitable or hostile to any life form).
...
1
If the gravitational constant (G) or weak force constant (gw) varied from
their values by an exceedingly small fraction (higher or lower) -- one
part in 10^50 (.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001)
then either the universe would have suffered a catastrophic collapse or
would have exploded throughout its expansion, both of which options
would have prevented the emergence and development of any life form.
This cannot be reasonably explained by pure chance.
2
If the strong nuclear force constant were higher than its value (15) by
only 2%, there would be no hydrogen in the universe (and therefore no
nuclear fuel or water -- this would have prohibited life). If, on the
other hand, the strong nuclear force constant had been 2% lower than its
value then no element heavier than hydrogen could have emerged in the
universe (helium, carbon, etc). This would have been equally detrimental
to the development of life. This “anthropic coincidence” also seems to
lie beyond the boundaries of pure chance.
3
If the gravitational constant, electromagnetism, or the “proton mass
relative to the electron mass” varied from their values by only a tiny
fraction (higher or lower), then all stars would be either blue giants
or red dwarfs. These kinds of stars would not emit the proper kind of
heat and light for a long enough period to allow for the emergence,
development, and complexification of life forms. Again, these “anthropic
coincidences” are beyond pure chance occurrence.
4
If the weak force constant had been slightly smaller or larger than its
value, then supernovae explosions would never have occurred. If these
explosions had not occurred, there would be no carbon, iron, or
earth-like planets.
5
Fred Hoyle and William Fowler discovered the exceedingly high
improbability of oxygen, carbon, helium and beryllium having the precise
values to allow for both carbon abundance and carbon bonding (necessary
for life). This “anthropic coincidence” was so striking that it caused
Hoyle to abandon his previous atheism and declare:
“A common sense interpretation of the facts suggests that a
superintellect has monkeyed with physics, as well as with chemistry
and biology, and that there are no blind forces worth speaking about
in nature. The numbers one calculates from the facts seem to me so
overwhelming as to put this conclusion almost beyond question.”
Footnote 1.
The high improbability that chance alone could explain our universe
having anthropic conditions, that is, natural physical laws being just
right such that life is possible (because of the cosmological constants
being precisely as they are) points to the reality that there must be
Divine Law Giver. |
